Introduction to Vermont

Vermont is the only New England state that doesn’t touch the sea. It is bordered on the north by the Canadian province of Quebec, on the south by Massachusetts. The Connecticut River forms Vermont’s eastern border, while New York—which is not a New England state—borders Vermont on the west.

Vermont’s nickname, Green Mountain State, is accurate. Much of the land consists of forested mountains or hills. Portions of several mountain ranges appear in Vermont. But the state is best known for its Green Mountains, which cross the state from north to south. The Green Mountains can be thought of as Vermont’s backbone. They are broken only by a couple deep gaps through which the Winooski and Lamoille rivers flow.

Two of the most famous fossil-bearing valleys in New England are found on opposite sides of Vermont. On the east is the Connecticut Valley, known for its dinosaur tracks. (Dinosaur tracks aren’t found in Vermont, however.) The Champlain-Hudson River Valley borders the Green Mountains on the west. This long, broad valley contains Lake Champlain, Vermont’s lowest point and New England’s largest lake. Less than thirty miles to the east is Mt. Mansfield, at 4,393 feet Vermont’s highest point.

Most of Vermont’s soils are thin and rocky. The most fertile soils are found in the Connecticut and Champlain valleys. Lush grasses help make Vermont the most important dairying state in New England. But Vermont is perhaps most famous for its maple syrup industry.

Like Maine and New Hampshire, Vermont has short, mild summers and long, cold winters. Fewer people live in Vermont than any other state east of the Mississippi River. They are very proud of Vermont’s scenic beauty, peace, and quiet. Vermonters try hard to prevent litter and pollution.

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