Botswana

Economy - overview:
Botswana has maintained one of the world’s highest economic growth rates since independence in 1966, though growth slowed to about 5% annually in 2006-08. Through fiscal discipline and sound management, Botswana has transformed itself from one of the poorest countries in the world to a middle-income country with a per capita GDP of nearly $15,800 in 2008. Two major investment services rank Botswana as the best credit risk in Africa. Diamond mining has fueled much of the expansion and currently accounts for more than one-third of GDP and for 70-80% of export earnings. Tourism, financial services, subsistence farming, and cattle raising are other key sectors. On the downside, the government must deal with high rates of unemployment and poverty. Unemployment officially was 23.8% in 2004, but unofficial estimates place it closer to 40%. HIV/AIDS infection rates are the second highest in the world and threaten Botswana’s impressive economic gains. An expected leveling off in diamond mining production overshadows long-term prospects.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$26.04 billion (2008 est.)
$25.24 billion (2007)
$24.43 billion (2006)
GDP (official exchange rate):
$13.81 billion (2008 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
3.2% (2008 est.)
3.3% (2007 est.)
5.3% (2006 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$13,300 (2008 est.)
$13,200 (2007 est.)
$13,000 (2006 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 1.6%
industry: 52.6% (including 36% mining)
services: 45.8% (2008 est.)
Labor force:
288,400 formal sector employees (2004)
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA%
Unemployment rate:
7.5% (2007 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
63 (1993)
Investment (gross fixed):
23.9% of GDP (2008 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $4.556 billion
expenditures: $4.127 billion (2008 est.)
Public debt:
5.1% of GDP (2008 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
12.5% (2008 est.)
Central bank discount rate:
14.5% (31 December 2007)
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
16.22% (31 December 2007)
Stock of money:
$1.026 billion (31 December 2007)
Stock of quasi money:
$4.336 billion (31 December 2007)
Stock of domestic credit:
NA
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$5.887 billion (31 December 2007)
Agriculture - products:
livestock, sorghum, maize, millet, beans, sunflowers, groundnuts
Industries:
diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash; livestock processing; textiles
Industrial production growth rate:
2.4% (2008 est.)
Electricity - production:
979 million kWh (2006 est.)
Electricity - consumption:
2.574 billion kWh (2006 est.)
Electricity - exports:
0 kWh (2007 est.)
Electricity - imports:
1.959 billion kWh (2007 est.)
Oil - production:
0 bbl/day (2007 est.)
Oil - consumption:
11,640 bbl/day (2006 est.)
Oil - exports:
0 bbl/day (2005)
Oil - imports:
14,500 bbl/day (2005)
Oil - proved reserves:
0 bbl (1 January 2006 est.)
Natural gas - production:
0 cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
0 cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - exports:
0 cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - imports:
0 cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves:
0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
Current account balance:
$1.611 billion (2008 est.)
Exports:
$5.127 billion f.o.b. (2008 est.)
Exports - commodities:
diamonds, copper, nickel, soda ash, meat, textiles
Imports:
$3.931 billion f.o.b. (2008 est.)
Imports - commodities:
foodstuffs, machinery, electrical goods, transport equipment, textiles, fuel and petroleum products, wood and paper products, metal and metal products
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$10.28 billion (31 December 2008 est.)
Debt - external:
$395 million (31 December 2008 est.)
Exchange rates:
pulas (BWP) per US dollar - 6.7907 (2008 est.), 6.2035 (2007), 5.8447 (2006), 5.1104 (2005), 4.6929 (2004)